Genital Warts

What are genital warts?

Genital warts are a sexually transmitted infection caused by the human papilloma virus.

The virus is typically passed on through skin-to-skin contact with the affected areas during sexual contact. The virus is more contagious when warts are present, but can still be passed on up to three months after the warts have cleared.

It is also possible for genital warts to spread from the genitals to the anus without having anal sex. Warts from other areas of the body, such as the hands and mouth, can be passed to the genitals, but instances of this are very rare. Genital warts are not transmitted through kissing, sharing baths or towels, toilet seats, swimming pools or sharing glassware and cutlery.

There is currently no cure for HPV, though the immune system can eradicate the virus on its own. Treatments are also available for the symptoms of genital warts.

Symptoms of genital warts include:

• Bleeding from the anus or urethra
• Distorted flow of urine
• Small, flat, painless lumps around the genitals, anus or perineum (area between genitals and anus)

Diagnosis of genital warts can only be done by a healthcare professional. If you suspect you have genital warts, speak to your doctor or contact your nearest sexual health clinic.

How to prevent genital warts

There are a couple of ways you can minimise your risk of contracting genital warts and other sexually transmitted infections. These methods include:

• Using condoms during vaginal, oral and anal sex
• Avoid sharing sex toys. Clean them or use a condom with them before use on another person.

If you suspect you have genital warts, arrange a consultation with your doctor to get them looked at. They may refer you to a sexual health or genitourinary (GUM) clinic for treatment.

How to treat genital warts

Only if you have diagnosed warts can you be offered treatment. Common treatments for genital warts are topical creams or solutions which should be applied to the affected area a few days each week.

Antibiotics do not treat genital warts because genital warts are caused by a virus and not bacteria.

Staying safe with prescription doctor

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Table of contents

What are genital warts?

How to prevent genital warts?

How to treat genital warts?

Staying safe with prescription doctor